Fragment representing Saint Démétrios,
Byzantine era
Chased gold leaf sandwiched between two sheets
of glass (Inv. 195a RCh)
Photo : Alain Breyer

The Byzantine Empire

The fame of the Byzantine mosaics from the 10th and 13th centuries extended way beyond the frontiers of the Empire and they become a very important export.

The expertise of the Byzantine master glassmakers was praised by the monk Theophilus, author in the first half of the 12th century of the treaty - De Diversis Artibus, which meticulously described the production of vessels in coloured glass, decorated with polychrome and gilded enamelled ornaments.